An Assessment of Treated Municipal Wastewater Used for Irrigation of Grapevines with Respect to Water Quality and Nutrient Load Assessment of TMW for vineyard irrigation

The impact of treated municipal wastewater (TMW) irrigation on soil and grapevines was assessed under field conditions in vineyards the Coastal region South Africa. Grapevines were irrigated using TMW from City Cape Town uninterruptedly over a period 11 years. either rain fed, with via single dripper line, or received twice volume double lines. quality used for vineyard acceptable, below minimum criteria stipulated by General Authorisations to irrigate up 500 m3 per day terms pH, ECw SAR. Mean Na+ concentration exceeded critical value 100 mg/ℓ irrigating Cl- levels well threshold 700 at which toxicity might occur. Consistently high P concentrations measured could lead formation algal blooms water storage facilities bio-fouling equipment. low N content not supply annual requirement grapevines. amount applied lines slightly grapevine requirements, whereas excessive amounts P. Amounts K+ excess affect wine negatively. Ca2+ Mg2+ also requirements.